Dramatic collapses made 2023 the biggest year ever for bank failures (2024)

Before Silicon Valley Bank collapsed in March, it had been 28 months since a U.S. bank went up in smoke — the longest stretch without a failure in more than 15 years.

SVB's unexpected demise kicked off a historic year for bank failures. The banks that went under had $548.7 billion of combined assets, the largest total ever in a single year — outpacing both 1984, when Continental Illinois failed (Bank of America eventually bought the remnants), and 2008, when Washington Mutual collapsed (JPMorgan Chase purchased what was left).

San Francisco-based First Republic Bank goes down as the second-largest failure in U.S. history. Santa Clara, California-based Silicon Valley Bank follows at number three on the all-time list and New York City-based Signature Bank is the fourth-largest bank to fail.

The year also brought the demise of crypto-friendly Silvergate Bank — in what was a voluntary self-liquidation rather than a failure — and the failure of Heartland Tri-State Bank after its CEO reportedly fell victim to a crypto scam. In all, five banks failed, the most in a single year since 2017.

The failures come at a considerable cost to more than 100 surviving banks that have more than $5 billion of assets. Those larger banks will have to pay special assessments of 13.4 basis points annually to make up for a $16.3 billion hit to the Deposit Insurance Fund.

What follows is a recap of the year when bank failures roared back to bite the industry.

Dramatic collapses made 2023 the biggest year ever for bank failures (2024)

FAQs

Dramatic collapses made 2023 the biggest year ever for bank failures? ›

Silicon Valley Bank (SVB), the 16th largest bank in the country, collapsed in a matter of days, followed by Signature Bank (SBNY) and First Republic Bank

First Republic Bank
First Republic Bank was a commercial bank and provider of wealth management services headquartered in San Francisco, California.
https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › First_Republic_Bank
(FRB), marking the largest bank failures after Washington Mutual Bank in 2008.

How many banks collapsed in 2023 so far? ›

There still hasn't been a bank failure in 2024. The last Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC) bank to fail was Citizens Bank of Sac City, Iowa. That was the fifth FDIC bank failure of 2023, a year with some of the largest bank failures in U.S. history.

What caused the 2023 banking crisis? ›

Banking Turmoil 2023

The collapse of banks, such as Silicon Valley Bank and First Republic Bank, resulted from deficiencies in risk management and a lack of proactive supervision; they are unrelated to the bad loan practices of the subprime mortgage crisis of 2008.

What is the largest bank failure in history? ›

The largest bank failure ever occurred when Washington Mutual Bank went under in 2008. At the time, it had about $307 billion in assets. During the uncertainty of the banking crisis, however, Washington Mutual experienced a bank run where customers withdrew almost $17 billion in assets in less than 10 days.

Are banks collapsing in 2024? ›

The news: Last Friday, Pennsylvania financial regulators seized and shut down Philadelphia-based Republic First Bank in the first FDIC-insured bank failure of 2024. The deposit insurance fund is expected to pay out $667 million to cover the bank's failure.

How many US banks are in danger? ›

Consulting firm Klaros Group analyzed about 4,000 U.S. banks and found 282 banks face the dual threat of commercial real estate loans and potential losses tied to higher interest rates. The majority of those banks are smaller lenders with less than $10 billion in assets.

Why are US banks collapsing? ›

Most US banks were similarly exposed to customer withdrawals and underwater bond portfolios, while the Credit Suisse collapse demonstrated the potential for contagion. The Fed's BTFP stopped the panic by allowing US banks to borrow from the central bank using their bonds as collateral.

How many banks will fail in 2024? ›

2024 in Brief

There is 1 bank failure in 2024. See detailed descriptions below. For more bank failure information on a specific year, select a date from the drop down menu to the right or select a month within the graph.

Is the US bank in trouble? ›

Read the CFPB's order. Read the CFPB's 2022 action against U.S. Bank. In its previous action against the bank, the CFPB fined U.S. Bank $37.5 million for illegally accessing its customers' credit reports and opening checking and savings accounts, credit cards, and lines of credit without customers' permission.

When was the last time a major bank collapsed? ›

The collapse of Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) in San Francisco on March 10, 2023, stands out due to its rapid fallout and the significant impact on the tech and startup industry. At the time, it was the second-largest bank failure in U.S. history since the 2008 financial crisis.

How common are bank collapses? ›

Bank failures happen more often than you might think—there have been 569 in the U.S. since January 1, 2000. That's an average of about 25 per year. But the back-to-back collapses of Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) and Signature Bank in early 2023, followed by First Republic Bank in May, were unique in more ways than one.

Are bank failures coming? ›

Powell: 'There will be bank failures' caused by commercial real estate losses. Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell said Thursday he expects to see some banks fail due to their exposure to the commercial real estate sector, which has declined significantly in value following the shift to remote work.

How many banks have collapses? ›

Bank failures happen more often than you might think—there have been 569 in the U.S. since January 1, 2000. That's an average of about 25 per year. But the back-to-back collapses of Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) and Signature Bank in early 2023, followed by First Republic Bank in May, were unique in more ways than one.

What other banks collapsed in the US March 2023? ›

Silicon Valley Bank (SVB), the 16th largest bank in the country, collapsed in a matter of days, followed by Signature Bank (SBNY) and First Republic Bank (FRB), marking the largest bank failures after Washington Mutual Bank in 2008.

Is TD bank in trouble? ›

TD was recently fined $9 million by Fintrac for not disclosing suspicious transactions, among several additional violations. Other Canadian banks have faced similar money laundering-related fines recently, though with fewer violations than TD: RBC was fined $7.5 million and CIBC was fined $1.3 million.

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