Income from the sale of your home (2024)

Sale of your principal residence

We conform to the IRS rules and allow you to exclude, up to a certain amount, the gain you make on the sale of your home. You may take an exclusion if you owned and used the home for at least 2 out of 5 years.

In addition, you may only have one home at a time. It may be any of the following:

  • House
  • Houseboat
  • Mobile home
  • Trailer
  • Cooperative apartment
  • Condominium

Ownership and use requirement

During the 5 years before you sell your home, you must have at least:

  • 2 years of ownership and
  • 2 years of use as a primary residence

Ownership and use can occur at different times.

Individuals

You do not have to report the sale of your home if all of the following apply:

  • Your gain from the sale was less than $250,000
  • You have not used the exclusion in the last 2 years
  • You owned and occupied the home for at least 2 years

Any gain over $250,000 is taxable.

Married/Registered domestic partner (RDP)

Married/RDP couples can exclude up to $500,000 if all of the following apply:

  • Your gain from the sale was less than $500,000
  • You filed a joint return for the year of sale or exchange
  • Either spouse/RDP meets the 2-out-of-5-year ownership requirement
  • Both spouses/RDPs meet the 2-out-of-5-year use requirement
  • Neither you nor your spouse/RDP excluded gain from the sale of another home in the last 2 years

Any gain over $500,000 is taxable.

Work out your gain

If you do not qualify for the exclusion or choose not to take the exclusion, you may owe tax on the gain.

Your gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your home and the sale amount. Use Selling Your Home (IRS Publication 523) to:

  • Determine if you have a gain or loss on the sale of your home
  • Figure how much of any gain is taxable
  • Report the transaction correctly on your tax return

How to report

If your gain exceeds your exclusion amount, you have taxable income. File the following forms with your return:

Visit Instructions for California Schedule D (540) for more information.

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Income from the sale of your home (2024)

FAQs

Is money from the sale of a house considered income? ›

Reported sale

Taxpayers who don't qualify to exclude all of the taxable gain from their income must report the gain from the sale of their home when they file their tax return. Anyone who chooses not to claim the exclusion must report the taxable gain on their tax return.

Is there a way to avoid capital gains tax on the selling of a house? ›

You will avoid capital gains tax if your profit on the sale is less than $250,000 (for single filers) or $500,000 (if you're married and filing jointly), provided it has been your primary residence for at least two of the past five years.

Do you have to report the sale of your house to the IRS? ›

Additionally, you must report the sale of the home if you can't exclude all of your capital gain from income. Use Schedule D (Form 1040), Capital Gains and Losses and Form 8949, Sales and Other Dispositions of Capital Assets when required to report the home sale.

Does selling an inherited house count as income? ›

If you sell inherited property, is it taxable? If you sell an inherited property in California, it's generally not taxable.

Is selling a house considered income for social security? ›

Social Security Considerations

Income limitations: Selling your home does not directly impact your eligibility for Social Security benefits. However, if you earn income from the sale, it could potentially affect the taxation of your benefits or eligibility for certain assistance programs.

What happens when you sell a house and make a profit? ›

Any gain (profit) on the sale of your home may be subject to the capital gains tax. Your gain (or loss) is determined by subtracting your cost basis from your selling price, less selling expenses. A loss on the sale of your home is not deductible on your return.

How long do I have to buy another house to avoid capital gains? ›

You might be able to defer capital gains by buying another home. As long as you sell your first investment property and apply your profits to the purchase of a new investment property within 180 days, you can defer taxes.

Do you have to pay capital gains after age 70? ›

This means right now, the law doesn't allow for any exemptions based on your age. Whether you're 65 or 95, seniors must pay capital gains tax where it's due.

Do I have to report the sale of a second home to the IRS? ›

Answer: Your second residence (such as a vacation home) is considered a capital asset. Use Schedule D (Form 1040), Capital Gains and Losses and Form 8949, Sales and Other Dispositions of Capital Assets to report sales, exchanges, and other dispositions of capital assets.

How does selling my house affect my taxes? ›

If you owned the home for longer than a year before selling, long-terms capital gains tax rates may apply. The rates are much more forgiving. Many people qualify for a 0% tax rate. Everybody else pays either 15% or 20%, depending on your filing status and taxable income.

Who is responsible for filing a 1099 after closing? ›

Form 1099-S is used to report the sale or exchange of present or future interests in real estate. It is generally filed by the person responsible for closing the transaction, but depending on the circ*mstances it might also be filed by the mortgage lender or a broker for one side or other in the transaction.

Why did I get a 1099-S when I sold my house? ›

When you sell your home, federal tax law requires lenders or real estate agents to file a Form 1099-S, Proceeds from Real Estate Transactions, with the IRS and send you a copy if you do not meet IRS requirements for excluding the taxable gain from the sale on your income tax return.

How much can you inherit without paying federal taxes? ›

In 2024, the first $13,610,000 of an estate is exempt from taxes, up from $12,920,000 in 2023. Estate taxes are based on the size of the estate. It's a progressive tax, just like our federal income tax. That means that the larger the estate, the higher the tax rate it is subject to.

Does the IRS know when you inherit money? ›

Inheritance checks are generally not reported to the IRS unless they involve cash or cash equivalents exceeding $10,000. Banks and financial institutions are required to report such transactions using Form 8300. Most inheritances are paid by regular check, wire transfer, or other means that don't qualify for reporting.

How do you avoid capital gains on a house that was inherited? ›

Here are five ways to avoid paying capital gains tax on inherited property.
  1. Sell the inherited property quickly. ...
  2. Make the inherited property your primary residence. ...
  3. Rent the inherited property. ...
  4. Disclaim the inherited property. ...
  5. Deduct selling expenses from capital gains.

Is the sale of an asset considered income? ›

Generally speaking, sales of assets such as equipment, buildings, vehicles and furniture will be taxed at ordinary income tax rates, while intangible assets such as goodwill or intellectual property will be taxed at capital gains rates.

Are capital gains considered earned income? ›

Unearned Income. Unearned income includes investment-type income such as taxable interest, ordinary dividends, and capital gain distributions. It also includes unemployment compensation, taxable social security benefits, pensions, annuities, cancellation of debt, and distributions of unearned income from a trust.

Are capital gains considered income? ›

Capital Gains and Dividends. How are capital gains taxed? Capital gains are profits from the sale of a capital asset, such as shares of stock, a business, a parcel of land, or a work of art. Capital gains are generally included in taxable income, but in most cases, are taxed at a lower rate.

Does the sale of a house count as income for Medicare premiums? ›

When you sell an asset, like a house, the profits are known as capital gains. Capital gains are a type of income, so they may affect how much you pay for Medicare coverage.

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